| 45 | 0 | 2 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
<正>有氧运动是指能够增强心肺功能的持续性运动，由大肌群间的协调运动并依赖氧气的供应来为身体提供所需能量。步行、跑步、骑行、游泳、跳舞等都是典型的有氧运动。由于有氧运动的运动强度不高，因此，氧气能够通过呼吸系统输送至身体的各个部分，使能量持续释放，以维持运动行为，最后表现为长时间的低、中强度运动[1]。据研究，长期有氧运动能够有效降低患心血管疾病、糖尿病、肥胖症等慢性疾病的风险[2]。
Abstract：1 American College of Sports Medicine.ACSM′s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription[M].Philadelphia:Lippincott williams & wilkins,2013:1-17.
2 Nelson ME,Rejeski WJ,Blair SN,et al.Physical activity and public health in older adults:recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association[J].Circulation,2007;116(9):1094.
3 Hkkinen K,Kraemer WJ,Newton RU,et al.Changes in electromyographic activity,muscle fibre and force production characteristics during heavy resistance/power strength training in middle-aged and older men and women[J].Acta Physiol Scand,2001;171(1):51-62.
4 Castaneda C,Layne JE,Munoz-Orians L,et al.A randomized controlled trial of resistance exercise training to improve glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetes Care,2002;25(12):2335.
5 蔡芳，符秀梅，张万英，等.有氧运动对老年慢性病患者健康管理效果的影响[J].中国老年学杂志，2019;39(19):4762-5.
6 孔钇雅，汪芳.有氧运动对慢性心力衰竭作用的研究进展[J].中国心血管杂志，2022;27(6):589-92.
7 Lyu Y,You Q,Zhao L,et al.Effects of different intensities and durations of aerobic exercise on vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and elderly people:a meta-analysis[J].Med Sci Sports Exer,2022;54(9S):469.
8 陶蕊，李宁川，陆伟，等.有氧运动对中老年高血压患者血压、血脂的影响[J].运动，2015;13:153-4.
9 农章，李鸿翔，黄雪梅，等.有氧运动对中老年人群体重血压血脂血糖和血尿酸水平变化的观察[J].亚洲心脑血管病例研究，2024;12:7.
10 Hefler-Frischmuth K,Lafleur J,Brunnmayr-Petkin G,et al.Cardiovascular adaptations to resistance training in elderly postmenopausal women[J].Int J Sports Med,2013;34(9):806-13.
11 Travassos A,Osório NB,Avelino-dos-Santos C,et al.Hemodynamics and functional outcomes after resistance training in hypertensive and normotensive elderly:an experimental study[J].Motriz:Revista de Educa??o Física,2022;28:e10220020021.
12 Gambassi BB,Rodrigues B,Feriani DJ,et al.Effects of resistance training of moderate intensity on heart rate variability,body composition,and muscle strength in healthy elderly women[J].Sport Sciences for Health,2016;12(3):389-95.
13 谭鑫，赵俊英，付海英.高强度有氧运动联合呼吸训练对COPD稳定期患者运动耐力的影响[J].河北医药，2023;45(22):3470-3.
14 程红，江春英，李瑜，等.中等强度有氧运动联合弹力带抗阻训练对稳定性冠心病患者血管内皮功能、心肺功能及运动耐力的影响[J].现代生物医学进展，2023;23(5):949-53.
15 杨剑，吴媛，田石榴.中老年2型糖尿病有氧运动干预的Meta分析[J].沈阳体育学院学报，2020;39(1):68-79.
16 江山，赵晓靓.抗阻-有氧运动对中老年2型糖尿病患者的影响[J].临床医学进展，2019;9(12):1402-9.
17 Dunstan DW,Daly RM,Owen N,et al.High-Intensity resistance training improves glycemic control in older patients with type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetes Care,2002;25(10):1729-36.
18 Egger A,Niederseer D,Diem G,et al.Different types of resistance training in type 2 diabetes mellitus:effects on glycaemic control,muscle mass and strength[J].Eur J Preventive Cardiol,2013;20(6):1051-60.
19 黄丽媛，李然，李玉凤，等.抗阻训练强度对老年2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白影响的meta分析[J].华西医学，2022;37(1):66-73.
20 梁亚飞，温宗闯，孟宁，等.抗阻训练联合有氧运动在老年2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果[J].中国民康医学，2023;35(17):166-8.
21 Jakobsson J,Stoffels AAF,van Hees HWH,et al.Quality of aerobic training description and its relation to intervention efficacy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease trials:study protocol for a systematic review,meta-analysis and meta-regression[J].BMJ Open,2024;14(5):e084296.
22 Santos C,Rodrigues F,Santos J,et al.Pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD:effect of 2 aerobic exercise intensities on subject-centered outcomes-a randomized controlled trial[J].Respir Care,2015;60(11):1603-9.
23 Yu B,Liu W,Hu Y,et al.Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training,and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(HIRAC-COPD):a randomized controlled trial protocol[J].BMC Pulmonary Med,2024;24(1):627.
24 Cui S,Ji H,Li L,et al.Effects and long-term outcomes of endurance versus resistance training as an adjunct to standard medication in patients with stable COPD:a multicenter randomized trial[J].BMC Pulmonary Med,2024;24(1):196.
25 Liao WH,Chen JW,Chen X,et al.Impact of resistance training in subjects with COPD:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Respiratory Care,2015;60(8):1130.
26 董德朋，汪毅.助力中国航天：微重力环境运动应对理论与实践探索[J].体育科学，2022;42(9):55-71.
27 潘胜桂，林烨，詹莎莎.抗阻呼吸训练联合有氧运动对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者心肺功能及运动耐量的影响[J].临床医学研究与实践，2020;5(32):79-80.
28 仇丽雯，许轶明，张音，等.抗阻联合有氧训练对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者运动能力的疗效[J].内科理论与实践，2022;17(1):78-83.
29 Khan AA,Farhad A,Siddiqui PQR,et al.Effects of osteoanabolic exercises on bone mineral density of osteoporotic females:a randomized controlled trial[J].Int J Health Sci,2019;13(1):9.
30 Tartibian B,Maleki BH,Kanaley J,et al.Long-term aerobic exercise and omega-3 supplementation modulate osteoporosis through inflammatory mechanisms in post-menopausal women:a randomized,repeated measures study[J].Nutr Metab,2011;8:71.
31 程丽红，章玉玲，阮诗慧，等.有氧运动对老年骨质疏松症患者衰弱干预效果研究[J].中国老年保健医学，2024;22(1):164-7.
32 Hinton PS,Nigh P,Thyfault J.Effectiveness of resistance training or jumping-exercise to increase bone mineral density in men with low bone mass:a 12-month randomized,clinical trial[J].Bone,2015;79:203-12.
33 汤昱暄，梁小芹，明明.抗阻运动改善老年骨质疏松性骨折患者健康结局的Meta分析[J].中华护理杂志，2023;58(10):1238-44.
34 胡煜，郑健，邱习勤.有氧运动联合渐进式抗阻运动治疗老年人骨质疏松症临床疗效观察[J].南京体育学院学报(自然科学版),2017;16(4):23-7.
35 Massini DA,Nedog FH,de Oliveira TP,et al.The effect of resistance training on bone mineral density in older adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis[C].Healthcare MDPI,2022;10(6):1129.
36 Liu-Ambrose T,Khan KM,Eng JJ,et al.Agility or strength training significantly reduces fall risk in 75 to 85 year old women with low bone mass:a randomized controlled trial[J].Med Sci Sports Exercise,2003;35(Suppl1):S358.
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:G804.2;R592
引用信息:
[1]徐嵩昊,董德龙.有氧与抗阻运动对老年人慢性病的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2025,45(11):2798-2802.
基金信息:
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016CM44)